邻菲罗啉光度法测定钒铝合金中铁

应用邻菲罗啉光度法测定钒铝合金试样中铁时,存在试样溶解难且试样中高含量钒会干扰铁的测定的问题。实验采用硝酸、盐酸溶解试样,硫酸冒烟赶尽氮氧化物,加入盐酸羟胺将钒(V)还原为钒(IV),在沸水浴条件下加入乙酸-乙酸铵缓冲溶液消除钒(IV)的干扰,从而实现了钒含量高的钒铝合金中铁的测定。实验表明,显色液中铁的质量浓度在0~1.2μg/mL符合郎伯比尔定律,校准曲线的线性相关系数R²=0.9998;测定下限为0.005%(质量分数)。方法用于钒铝合金中铁含量的测定,测定结果相对标准偏差RSD(n=8)小于3%,回收率在98%~103%之间。按照本法和DB51/T 2038—2015《钒铝合金 硅、铁等15种杂质元素含量的测定 电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法》分别测定4个钒铝合金样品中铁,两种方法测定结果相一致。     

镍基高温合金液相扩散焊接头组织及性能

镍基高温合金GH4413在高温下具有较为优异的高温持久强度和抗蠕变性能，在航空发动机和各种工业燃气轮机中得到广泛应用。以BNi 2作为填充合金材料使用液相扩散焊对GH4413合金进行了连接，研究了在焊接温度分别为1 030和1 080 ℃、保温时间分别为30和60 min等不同焊接参数下GH4413镍基高温合金的接头微观组织、成分分布和显微硬度。扫描电镜(SEM)以及能谱分析结果表明，当焊接温度为1 080 ℃、保温时间为60 min 时，钎缝组织中形成了性能良好的固溶体，且随着焊接温度的升高和保温时间的延长，钎缝的宽度增加，钎料元素向母材中的扩散深度逐渐增加，在母材近缝区形成了金属间化合物。     

钛/铝异种金属冷金属过渡增材制造

采用TC4和ER2319焊丝直流/变极性冷金属过渡实现异种金属电弧增材制造，通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、能谱、硬度试验、纳米压痕以及拉伸试验等方法对钛/铝构件界面组织特征与力学性能进行分析.结果表明，在钛合金表面堆积铝合金时，只有少量的钛合金熔化，钛原子扩散到液态铝合金中，形成不同长度的TiAl₃金属间化合物.10 μm左右的反应层在钛/铝界面形成.邻近钛侧的反应层均匀连续，靠近铝合金一侧的反应层呈现长条状或块状.界面反应层的显微硬度介于钛合金和铝合金显微硬度之间.构件的最高抗拉强度为111 MPa.     

Strain rate and orientation-dependent strain hardening of Mg–9Li–Al using crystal plasticity

A crystal plasticity finite element model was proposed considering slip and twinning interactions. The grain morphology and crystallographic orientations were introduced into the model to describe the microstructure of duplex polycrystalline Mg–9Li–Al. The activation of the slip systems and the strain localisation with respect to initial grain orientations were investigated. In addition, the effects of phase distributions and volume fractions on the macroscopic responses and on strain hardening rates were analysed. The results show that the strain hardening is rate-dependent but the texture is less sensitive to strain rate. The distribution of a phase and its volume fraction play primary roles in governing the mechanical response.     

Co纳米线阵列的掠入射中子小角散射研究

本文采用掠入射中子小角散射（GISANS）技术，研究了沉积在多孔阳极氧化铝（AAO）模板中的Co磁性纳米线阵列的空间结构，利用计算机软件对GISANS实验进行了理论模拟，并与扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察的结果进行比较。结果表明，GISANS实验结果、GISANS理论模拟结果和SEM实验结果三者相吻合。纳米线直径约为60 nm，纳米线中心平均距离约为121 nm，垂直于样品表面相互平行排列，在样品平面内呈现出二维局域六角有序排布。本工作证明了GISANS实验技术结合计算机理论模拟，是研究纳米线阵列及类似纳米体系的有力手段。     

Embedded Metal Oxide Plasmonics Using Local Plasma Oxidation of AZO for Planar Metasurfaces

New methods for achieving high-quality conducting oxide metasurfaces are of great importance for a range of emerging applications from infrared thermal control coatings to epsilon-near-zero nonlinear optics. This work demonstrates the viability of plasma patterning as a technique to selectively and locally modulate the carrier density in planar Al-doped ZnO (AZO) metasurfaces without any associated topographical surface profile. This technique stands in strong contrast to conventional physical patterning which results in nonplanar textured surfaces. The approach can open up a new route to form novel photonic devices with planar metasurfaces, for example, antireflective coatings and multi-layer devices. To demonstrate the performance of the carrier-modulated AZO metasurfaces, two types of devices are realized using the demonstrated plasma patterning. A metasurface optical solar reflector is shown to produce infrared emissivity equivalent to a conventional etched design. Second, a multiband metasurface is achieved by integrating a Au visible-range metasurface on top of the planar AZO infrared metasurface. Independent control of spectral bands without significant cross-talk between infrared and visible functionalities is achieved. Local carrier tuning of conducting oxide films offers a conceptually new approach for oxide-based photonics and nanoelectronics and opens up new routes for integrated planar metasurfaces in optical technology.     

Effect of extrusion temperature on mechanical properties of as-extruded Zn–22Al alloys

ABSTRACT

The effect of extrusion temperature on the microstructures and mechanical properties of as-extruded Zn–22Al alloys was investigated in this study. With decrease of extrusion temperature from 350 to 200°C, the elongation of as-extruded Zn–22Al alloys increases remarkably at low strain rate and has no change at high strain rate, which implies that the Zn–22Al alloys extruded at lower temperature exhibit high-ductility behaviour. X-ray diffraction and electron back-scattered diffraction analysis demonstrated that the maximum elongation of Zn–22Al alloys extruded at the extrusion temperature of 200°C can be attributed to the elimination of the lamellar structure and the refinement in grain size of the Zn-rich phase.     

自然时效对GT35合金组织与性能的影响

采用XRD、SEM、残余应力测试仪、维氏硬度计、测长机等手段对合金物相、微观组织、残余应力、硬度、线膨胀率进行表征,研究自然时效对GT35合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明,GT35合金在自然时效过程中,增强相TiC的形貌与粒径没有明显变化。当自然时效时间小于15天时,GT35合金的硬度、残余应力与线膨胀率逐渐增加,随后逐渐减小并趋于稳定。当自然时效超过90天后,GT35合金的组织与性能趋于稳定,其硬度、残余应力和线膨胀率分别为945.7 HV5、-184 MPa和-2.22×10^-5。     

非晶Fe粉掺杂Al-12Si合金的高温压缩变形行为

为提高Al-12Si合金的热变形抗力,并探索非晶Fe粉掺杂对Al-12Si合金热压缩行为的影响和掺杂非晶Fe粉热压缩中的晶化温度等,采用连续挤压技术制备了掺杂10wt%非晶Fe粉与不掺杂非晶Fe粉的Al-12Si合金试样,对试样进行了不同温度和应变速率下的热压缩试验,分析了试样在热压缩中的组织转变,以及采用双曲正弦关系构建了试样的热流变应力方程。结果表明:非晶Fe掺杂试样在450 ℃及以下的热压缩时,Fe维持非晶态,500 ℃时,则已发生晶化;掺杂10wt%非晶Fe粉使Al-12Si合金的热抗变形能力显著提高,其热压缩激活能Q=211.29 kJ/mol,比未掺杂非晶Fe粉的Al-12Si合金试样高40.78 kJ/mol,且热压缩过程中存在动态回复和动态再结晶;利用双曲正弦关系构建试样的热流变应力方程为ε·=4.42×10¹⁴[sinh(0.016 6σ)]^6.13exp(-211 290/RT),线性回归系数高达0.99,即可为非晶Fe粉掺杂试样的热加工提供一定的理论指导。     

高熵合金制备及热处理工艺研究进展

与传统合金相比,高熵合金表现出了高强韧、良好的软磁性、高温稳定性、耐腐蚀性等突出特点,在许多的领域应用潜力巨大。本文主要介绍真空熔炼、粉末冶金、激光熔覆和磁控溅射等制备高熵合金方法的研究进展及优缺点,分析了不同热处理工艺对组织结构和力学性能的影响,并对高熵合金制备和模拟计算等方面提出了展望。